【邱鴻安】隨著加州的預算危機越陷越深,加上州議會陷入癱瘓狀態,兩黨無法達成彌補財赤的協議,因此加州沒有理由不可以採取一項斷然的措施:步通用公司的後塵,申請破產保護,這樣就可以在法院的處理下,擺脫政治爭論的糾纏,重建加州的財務。
加州的預算危機有多糟?由於受到經濟大衰退的打擊,州政府的稅收比預期大減,今年2月時州政府已削減預算150億元,又加稅128億元,還舉債110億元,但下年度仍有赤字243億元。最新資料顯示,今年4、5月的稅收又比預期減少了9億元,換言之,下年度的赤字還要從243億元增至252億元。
為了彌補赤字,史瓦辛格州長已建議大削下年度的預算,削減項目包括取消為90萬貧窮家庭兒童提供健保的「健康家庭計畫」、取消為超過100萬貧窮成人和兒童提供福利金的「從福利到工作計畫」、以及逐步取消為貧窮大學生提供援助的「加州助學金計畫」。州議會的民主黨議員反對這些對窮人開刀的措施,他們指出,彌補赤字不能只靠削減,也要開闢財源。
開闢財源即是加稅,但是州議會的共和黨議員卻極力反對加稅,他們指出加州的營商環境已是全國第三最差,州銷售稅(8.25%)已是全國最高,高收入階層的個人所得稅(10.55%)已是全國第二高,汽油稅(每加侖35.3分)已是全國第三高,公司所得稅(8.84%)已是美西最高。州議會的民主黨議員已建議增加菸稅和石油開採稅,共和黨議員和史瓦辛格已立即表示反對。
削減預算行不通,加稅又受到強烈反對,那麼舉債呢?史瓦辛格日前已正式通知州主計長江俊輝,他不會批准任何舉債計畫。州財務長洛克耶日前也表示,在達成平衡預算計畫前,加州不宜舉債,因為加州信用低,借債的利息極高;如果在達成平衡預算計畫後舉債,也要看預算計畫是否切實可行,如果切實可行,才能得到華爾街投資者的信任。
州政府目前的情況正是:無論加稅、削減預算和舉債都非常困難;還有的是,州政府的現金將告耗盡,將於7月28日起無法支付賬單,史瓦辛格已警告說,沒錢運作,屆時就關閉州政府。
在目前這樣困難的情況下,州政府應該考慮申請破產保護。申請破產保護的好處是,把州政府的財務問題交給破產法庭,這樣就可以避過兩黨的政治僵持,讓法院以法律的角度去處理預算的問題;另外,在法院的監管下,州政府必須提交重建財務的計畫,計畫將由法官審批。反對加州申請破產保護的最大理由是─加州的信用將會受損,但是加州現在的信用已是全國最低,所以影響應該也不會太大,而且經濟一旦復甦,加州的財務狀況就可得到改善,屆時信用自會好轉。
如果州政府真的計畫宣布破產,或者還會帶來一項好處:州議會將會受壓,兩黨可能因此加緊談判和妥協,或許可在進入破產階段前打破僵局,在現金耗盡前達成平衡預算的協議,這樣州政府就可以拿著協議去向華爾街作短期借債。
如果破產的威脅仍不能化解兩黨的政治僵局,那麼全球第八大經濟體的加州,真的走上破產之途,也沒有什麼大不了;破產並不是倒閉解體,州政府在破產期間仍將繼續運作,更重要的是可在法院監管下重組財務。在金融危機之中,整個華爾街幾乎淪陷,象徵美國的通用公司不得不走上破產之途,加州沒有理由不可以宣布破產。(世界日報,6.16.2009)
Unbridled, unfettered commerce, is called "Lazze'faire!" Where everything goes, and comsumers have no protections whatsoever.
The current capitalist system in US is heavily regulated.
The socialist agendas that European nations mandates are not what this country found on. I suggest you select a European country and move there instead further eroding our constitution.
ehhhh....you are kidding me, right?
You have no idea how much US spends on social and etitlement programs each year?
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2010/assets/summary.pdf
enjoy!
Moreover, the fed is not burdened with social programs, environmental programs, illegal alliens, and labor programs to the same extent as California is. Yet both are in the same predicament. So what is your fix for the fed? What is to blame?
I don't understand your glee at the plight of California while turning a blind eye to the misery of the fed.
Just like Bush, he betrayed conservative values and principles. But Bush did not do so to gain popularity and votes....especially Hispanic votes, AAAArny did.
If Americans are smart, they’ll learn from California’s example. There’s something eerily familiar about President Obama’s close embrace of government employees and unions – along with his historically budget-busting "investments" in all manner of services – coupled with his call for higher taxes. But, everyone is ohhh sooooo in love with Obama right now, who cares about California, right?
You are absolutely right!
Not only social programs, unions as well!
The SEIU is so powerful that some of its members were able to listen in on a phone call between the Obama administration and the state – which resulted in the President’s threat to withhold stimulus money if the cash-strapped state made even modest cuts in the salaries of unionized home health care employees. In fact, state government is routinely held hostage by public employee unions; not surprising when one considers that California is home to 356,000 state workers – 9.3 of them for every 1,000 residents.
Similarly, if one is an illegal alien or in need of public aid, California works well, offering a panoply of health and other welfare services with few questions asked. Just in April, in fact, Democrats in the state legislature opposed requiring welfare recipients who failed to complete a drug treatment program to take random drug tests in order to continue receiving benefits. And California spends in excess of $5 billion per year on illegal immigrants and their families, offering a menu of health care services that includes non-emergency care, long-term nursing home care, and abortions.
Then again of course, I am the heartless monster, who does not care about "the children!"
Hey, it is your state, what do I care right?
Arny put forth a comprehensive proposal to raise tax, cut spending, borrow money, stimulate the economy. His proposal was blocked by his fellow Republicans in the Chambers of Legislature.
>>今年2月時州政府已削減預算150億元,又加稅128億元,還舉債110億元,但下年度仍有赤字243億元。最新資料顯示,今年4、5月的稅收又比預期減少了9億元,換言之,下年度的赤字還要從243億元增至252億元。<<
You readers caught that? If you did, did you understand why is that?
The Russians are laughing at us...
The Russians are laughing at us because what the US is doing to herself that Russians has been wanting but never able to do it themselves.
Why is US emulating the economic model which has been discarded by other countries...even the Communist China?
But what actually ails California is centrist evasions. The state's crisis has been caused by "moderation," understood as splitting the difference between extreme liberalism and hyperliberalism, a "reasonableness" that merely moderates the speed at which the ever-expanding public sector suffocates the private sector.
The Democratic-controlled state Legislature's recent defeat on all but one of its proposations is much like handing voters some two-by-fours -- the initiatives. Resounding rejections of them should get Sacramento's attention.